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<div class="HwContainer HwElement" id="HwContainer"><a class="HwMainSkipNavigation" href="#HwContentTitle"><span class="HwAccessibilityText">Skip Navigation</span></a><div class="HwBlock" id="HwMain" role="main"><div class="HwRow"><div class="HwColumn" id="HwColumnSidebar1"><div class="HwCustom" id="HwCustomSidebar"> </div></div><div class="HwColumn" id="HwColumnContent"><div id="HwContentTop"> </div><div class="HwTypeFocus HwContentWrapper HwElement" role="article" id="HwContentWrapper"><div class="HwCustom" id="HwCustomContentTop"> </div><div class="HwContentHeader"><p><a name="top" id="Hwtop"><span class="HwAccessibilityText">Top of the page</span></a> </p></div><div class="HwContentTitle"><h1 id="HwContentTitle" tabindex="-1">Chilblains (Perniosis)</h1></div><div class="HwContentTopNavigation"> </div><div class="HwContent"><div class="HwNavigationSection HwSectionSpecialSection" id="sec-aa53848-sec"><h2 class="HwSectionTitle" fingerprint="421b88ad" fingerprint-exact="1b206d13">Topic Overview</h2><p fingerprint="3cb28e85" fingerprint-exact="e7c17a50">Chilblains (perniosis, also known as pernio) is a reaction to cold, nonfreezing temperatures. It is seen most often in young people who have <span class="HwOptionalAny"><a class="HwLinkDefinition" data-hw-type="Definition" data-hw-document-href="str2161" data-hw-section="str2161-sec" rel="Definition" hw:document-type="Definition" hw:document-href="str2161" data-hwid="str2161" hw:section-href="str2161-sec" href="?id=str2161#str2161-sec"><span class="HwLinkText">Raynaud's phenomenon</span></a></span> and people who are exposed to damp, cold weather.</p> <p fingerprint="0afe2fbe" fingerprint-exact="7778cd9f">Symptoms develop 2 to 14 hours after exposure to cold and usually affect the hands, ears, lower legs, or feet. Symptoms include:</p> <ul fingerprint="3370e193" fingerprint-exact="70aec50c"> <li>Local redness and swelling.</li> <li>Skin bumps.</li> <li>Changes in sensation, such as itching or burning.</li> <li>Tender blue bumps that develop after rewarming.</li> <li>Blisters and ulcers (in severe cases).</li></ul> <p fingerprint="84443bcc" fingerprint-exact="d1c67b4d">Treatment includes rewarming the affected areas, caring for any blisters that form, and avoiding reexposure to cold.</p></div><div class="HwNavigationSection HwSectionRelatedInformation" id="sec-aa53848-RelInfo"><h2 class="HwSectionTitle" fingerprint="d5f858e0" fingerprint-exact="c0ffe04b">Related Information</h2><ul fingerprint="567a3ea3" fingerprint-exact="d79819f7"><li class="HwOptionalAny"><a data-hw-type="Focus" data-hw-document-href="tw9026" data-hw-section="tw9026-sec" hw:document-type="Focus" hw:document-href="tw9026" data-hwid="tw9026" hw:section-href="tw9026-sec" href="?id=tw9026#tw9026-sec">Cold Exposure: What Increases Your Risk of Injury?</a></li> <li class="HwOptionalAny"><a data-hw-type="Symptom" data-hw-document-href="colde" data-hw-section="aa54016" hw:document-type="Symptom" hw:document-href="colde" data-hwid="colde" hw:section-href="aa54016" href="?id=colde#aa54016">Cold Temperature Exposure</a></li></ul></div><div class="HwNavigationSection HwCreditsSection HwCreditsWithoutNavstack HwSectionCredits" id="sec-aa53848-Credits"><h2 class="HwSectionTitle">Credits</h2><div class="HwContentInformation"><div class="HwLastUpdated"><p><span class="HwInfoLabel">Current as of: </span> March 9, 2022</p></div> <div class="HwCredits"><p><span class="HwInfoLabel">Author: </span>Healthwise Staff<br> <span class="HwInfoLabel">Medical Review: </span> <span class="HwInfoName">William H. Blahd Jr. MD, FACEP - Emergency Medicine</span> <br> <span class="HwInfoName">Adam Husney MD - Family Medicine</span> <br> <span class="HwInfoName">Kathleen Romito MD - Family Medicine</span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="HwCustom" id="HwCustomContentBottom"> </div><div class="HwContentNavigation"><div class="HwSectionNavItem" style="display:block" id="secNav-aa53848-sec"><ul><li class="HwContentNavigationNone"> </li><li class="HwContentNavigationTop"><a href="#top">Top of the page</a></li><li class="HwContentNavigationNext"><p>Next Section: </p><a class="HwLinkNavstack" data-hw-type="Focus" data-hw-document-href="aa53848" data-hw-section="aa53848-RelInfo" id="nextLink-aa53848-RelInfo" hw:document-type="Focus" hw:document-href="aa53848" data-hwid="aa53848" hw:section-href="aa53848-RelInfo" href="?id=aa53848#aa53848-RelInfo">Related Information</a></li><li class="HwClear"> </li></ul></div><div class="HwSectionNavItem" style="display:none" id="secNav-aa53848-RelInfo"><ul><li class="HwContentNavigationPrev"><p>Previous Section: </p><a class="HwLinkNavstack" data-hw-type="Focus" data-hw-document-href="aa53848" data-hw-section="aa53848-sec" id="prevLink-aa53848-sec" hw:document-type="Focus" hw:document-href="aa53848" data-hwid="aa53848" hw:section-href="aa53848-sec" href="?id=aa53848#aa53848-sec">Topic Overview</a></li><li class="HwContentNavigationTop"><a href="#top">Top of the page</a></li><li class="HwContentNavigationNext"><p>Next Section: </p><a class="HwLinkNavstack" data-hw-type="Focus" data-hw-document-href="aa53848" data-hw-section="aa53848-Credits" id="nextLink-aa53848-Credits" hw:document-type="Focus" hw:document-href="aa53848" data-hwid="aa53848" hw:section-href="aa53848-Credits" href="?id=aa53848#aa53848-Credits">Credits</a></li><li class="HwClear"> </li></ul></div><div class="HwSectionNavItem" style="display:none" id="secNav-aa53848-Credits"><ul><li class="HwContentNavigationPrev"><p>Previous Section: </p><a class="HwLinkNavstack" data-hw-type="Focus" data-hw-document-href="aa53848" data-hw-section="aa53848-RelInfo" id="prevLink-aa53848-RelInfo" hw:document-type="Focus" hw:document-href="aa53848" data-hwid="aa53848" hw:section-href="aa53848-RelInfo" href="?id=aa53848#aa53848-RelInfo">Related Information</a></li><li class="HwContentNavigationTop"><a href="#top">Top of the page</a></li><li class="HwContentNavigationNone"> </li><li class="HwClear"> </li></ul></div></div><div class="HwContentInformation" role="complementary"><div class="HwLastUpdated"><p><span class="HwInfoLabel">Current as of: </span>March 9, 2022</p></div><div class="HwCredits"><p><span class="HwInfoLabel">Author: </span><a class="HwLinkDisclaimer" href="https://www.healthwise.org/specialpages/legal/abouthw/en">Healthwise Staff</a></p><p><a class="HwLinkDisclaimer" href="https://www.healthwise.org/mdreviewboard.aspx?lang=en-us"><span class="HwInfoLabel">Medical Review:</span></a><span class="HwInfoName">William H. 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